medical student notes: heart attack cause & prevention

The cause of heart attacks is a lack of oxygen to the heart muscle. If to many heart muscle dies the attack is fatal, otherwise it makes a scare tissue.

Lack of oxygen comes from narrowing of the vessels called coronaries, wich are the arteries of the heart.

The narrowing is made of plaques of calcified fat in the arterie’s walls.

This plaque occur because of lesion of the walls permitting infiltration of fats.
It means that there are two factors that can be modulated in this process: wall lesion and fat.

The wall lesions come from high blood pressure, as higher tearing from the viscuos blood stream on the wall will occur if the stream is strong.
The cells of the vesselwalls are somehow eroded proportionally to the height of the blood pressure.
The other big factor of lesions are all the chemicals and oxydants that can also disrupt the integrity of the walls, those chemicals are best seen in cigarette smoking.

The other factor is the fat that can infiltrate at the points of lesser integrity of the vesselwall. This fat is in the blood and has different molecules like cholesterol and fatty acids.
The higher the fat in the blood, the higher the atherosclerogenicity.

Now to lower fat, there are different solutions, like eating less fat, and practicing three times a week about half an hour of sport or more.
Sport/ physical exercise rises the concentration of a special cholesterol produced by the liver called high density cholesterol. This type doesn’t deposits in the walls, but in fact takes the general fat away from the blood stream and away from the vesselwalls.

Drinking small amounts of alcool, regularly, also rises this special cholesterol.
Alcool in high amounts is toxic for the vesselwalls and damages them.

So practically heart attacks are calcified fat plaques suddenly breaking away from a
vessel wall, or even blood clots due to blood stagnation somewhere.
This plaques or blood clots are trapped in the narrowed arteries and block the circulation, killing the muscle by asphixy.

Heart pains appearing during efforts, or exacerbated by efforts are due to progressive narrowing, as explained before. The amount of oxygen supplied by the blood is not anymore sufficient to permit a muscular increased effort.
(textbook knowledge accurate around 2005)

事业的心脏病发作是由于缺乏氧气，以心脏肌肉。如果许多心脏肌肉死亡的攻击是致命的，否则它使一吓唬组织。缺乏氧气来自缩小船只所谓coronaries ，这是artheries的心脏。缩小了斑块钙化，刘皇发，在artherie的墙壁。这斑块发生，因为病变的墙壁上，允许渗透的油脂。这意味着，有两个因素可以调制在这个过程中：壁病变和脂肪。墙上的病变来自血压高的压力，因为较高的撕裂从viscuos血液流上墙将会出现，如果流是强烈。细胞的vesselwalls是有点侵蚀比例，以高度的血液压力。其他大的因素，病变都是化学品和oxydants也能破坏完整性的墙壁，这些化学品，最好是在看到吸烟。其他的因素是脂肪，可以渗透上，使该点较低的完整性，该vesselwall 。这是脂肪在血液中和有不同的分子一样，胆固醇和脂肪酸。较高的脂肪在血液中，越高的atherosclerogenicity 。现在，以较低的脂肪，有不同的解决方案，比如经常吃脂肪少，和实践，每周3次，约半小时的运动或以上。运动/体育锻炼上升的浓度特别胆固醇所产生的肝所谓的高密度胆固醇。这类型不存款在墙壁上，但实际上采取的一般脂肪脱离血液流和脱离vesselwalls 。饮用少量的alcool ，定期，也增加这个特别的胆固醇。 alcool在高数额是有毒的为vesselwalls和损害赔偿他们。因此，几乎心脏病发作钙化斑块发突然决裂，从血管壁，或什至血液凝块，由于血液停滞某处。这斑块或血液凝块是被困在收窄artheries和阻挠流通，造成肌肉由asphixy 。心的痛苦，出现在努力，或加剧了努力，是由于逐步缩小，作为解释之前。金额氧所提供的血是不会再有足够的允许肌肉增加的努力。 （课本知识准确，在2005年前后）

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